Perched off the northern coast of Scotland, the Orkney Islands offer a captivating blend of ancient history, dramatic landscapes, and rich wildlife. Whether you’re drawn to Neolithic sites, rugged coastlines, or the chance to spot puffins and seals, timing your visit can make all the difference to your experience.
Table of content
- Best Time to Visit Orkney Islands: May to September
- Why May to September is Peak Season in Orkney
- Understanding the Islands Climate
- Visiting Orkney Throughout the Year: A Month-by-Month Guide
- Late Autumn and Winter in Orkney
- Practical Tips for Any Season
Best Time to Visit Orkney Islands: May to September
The best time to visit Orkney Islands is between May and September, when the weather is at its mildest, daylight hours stretch well into the evening, and most attractions, tours, and services are fully operational. During these months, you’ll enjoy average temperatures ranging from 10°C to 15°C (50°F to 59°F), making it ideal for exploring the islands’ archaeological wonders, coastal paths, and charming villages.
That said, Orkney is a year-round destination with unique appeal in every season. Winter brings the chance to witness the mesmerizing Northern Lights dancing across dark skies, while spring and autumn offer quieter trails and dramatic seascapes. The islands’ climate is surprisingly mild throughout the year, thanks to the Gulf Stream, meaning you can visit Orkney at any time, depending on what you’re looking for in your travel experience.
Why May to September is Peak Season in Orkney
Long Daylight Hours and Mild Weather
The summer months transform Orkney into a land of seemingly endless daylight. In June, the islands experience up to 18 hours of daylight, with the sun barely dipping below the horizon during the famous “simmer dim” – Orkney’s version of the midnight sun. This extended daylight gives you more time to explore Orkney’s remarkable archaeological sites, enjoy coastal walks, and simply soak in the dramatic island landscapes.
The yearly temperature in Orkney remains relatively moderate, with July typically being the warmest month. Average temperatures during summer hover between 12°C and 15°C (54°F to 59°F), occasionally climbing higher on particularly fine days. While this might seem cool compared to other destinations, the mild conditions are perfect for walking tours and outdoor activities without the extreme heat found elsewhere in Europe.
Attractions and Services Fully Open
Summer is when the islands truly come alive with activity. All major tourist attractions operate on full schedules, from the UNESCO World Heritage sites like Skara Brae to smaller museums and historic buildings. If you’re interested in experiencing Orkney’s rich past, consider booking the Skara Brae and Ring of Brodgar tour, which runs regularly during peak season and showcases some of the islands’ most impressive Neolithic monuments.
Orkney Boat Tours are also more frequent between May and September, offering opportunities to explore smaller islands, spot wildlife including seals and seabirds, and enjoy the dramatic coastline from the water. Many local food and drink establishments extend their opening hours during summer, allowing you to sample Orkney food specialties and locally produced beverages at your leisure.
Wildlife and Nature at Their Best
Summer is prime time for nature enthusiasts visiting the islands. Puffins arrive on Orkney’s sea cliffs between April and August, with June and July offering the best viewing opportunities. The islands’ seabird colonies are at their most active during these months, creating spectacular displays along the coastline.
September is particularly appealing for those seeking a balance between good weather and fewer crowds. The autumn light casts a golden glow across the landscape, and many wildlife species remain visible. You can still enjoy comfortable conditions for exploring while experiencing a more tranquil side of the islands as the peak tourist season winds
Understanding the Islands Climate
Yearly Temperature and Precipitation Patterns
Orkney’s Islands climate is characterized by its maritime influence, which keeps conditions remarkably temperate throughout the year. The Gulf Stream’s warming effect means the islands rarely experience extreme temperatures in either direction. Winter months see average temperatures hovering around 4°C to 6°C (39°F to 43°F), while summer peaks remain modest at 12°C to 15°C (54°F to 59°F).
The yearly precipitation in Orkney averages around 850-1000mm annually, distributed fairly evenly across all twelve months. This means rain is always a possibility, regardless of when you visit, though summer months tend to be slightly drier. The islands’ exposed position means weather can change rapidly – locals often joke that you can experience all four seasons in a single day.
One pleasant surprise for winter visitors is the yearly snowfall, which remains relatively light compared to mainland Scotland. Snow does fall in Orkney, typically between December and March, but significant accumulation is uncommon thanks to the moderating influence of the surrounding sea. When it does snow, it usually melts within a few days.
What This Means for Your Visit
The consistent maritime climate means packing in layers is essential, no matter what time of year you travel to Orkney. Waterproof jackets, sturdy walking shoes, and windproof clothing are must-haves even during summer months. The wind is a near-constant companion on these exposed islands, so while the temperature might seem mild, the wind chill can make it feel considerably cooler.
However, this temperate climate also brings advantages. The islands remain remarkably accessible throughout the year, with Orkney Day Tours operating in most weather conditions. The lack of extreme cold means you can comfortably explore outdoor sites even in the cooler months, provided you dress appropriately.
Visiting Orkney Throughout the Year: A Month-by-Month Guide
Spring: March to May
March marks the beginning of Orkney’s transition from winter to spring. Days grow noticeably longer, and the islands start to shake off their winter quietness. Average temperature ranges from 5°C to 8°C (41°F to 46°F), and while conditions can still be brisk, there’s an undeniable energy as nature awakens. This is an excellent time for photography enthusiasts, as the landscape takes on fresh hues and wildlife becomes more active.
April brings milder weather and the first signs of Orkney’s spectacular seabird colonies preparing for the breeding season. Tourist attractions begin extending their hours, and you’ll find more food and drink venues reopening after winter closures. The lighter crowds make this a wonderful time to explore archaeological sites at your own pace.
May is when Orkney truly blossoms. Wildflowers carpet the clifftops and meadows, and puffins begin arriving on the sea cliffs. Average temperatures climb to 9°C to 11°C (48°F to 52°F), making it comfortable for Walking Tours in Orkney. The islands’ famous Neolithic sites are less crowded than in peak summer, yet most facilities are fully operational.
Summer: June to August
June offers the longest days of the year with the magical “simmer dim” phenomenon. July is all about enjoying Orkney at its warmest and most vibrant, with festivals, events, and outdoor activities in full swing. Both months see average temperatures of 12°C to 15°C (54°F to 59°F), perfect for spending entire days outdoors.
July particularly stands out for Orkney events, including the popular St Magnus International Festival, which brings world-class music and arts to the islands. The extended daylight hours mean you can pack more into each day, from early morning wildlife watching to late evening coastal strolls.
August maintains the pleasant summer conditions while hinting at the approaching autumn. Seabirds are still abundant, though some species begin their migration. This remains an excellent time to explore Orkney’s rich wildlife and take advantage of still-warm weather.
Early Autumn: September
September is often considered a hidden gem for visiting Orkney. The weather remains relatively mild, with temperatures similar to late spring, but the tourist crowds have thinned considerably. The autumn light creates stunning photographic conditions, casting warm tones across ancient stone circles and coastal landscapes. Many visitors find that this balance of good weather and tranquility makes September one of the most rewarding times to explore Orkney.
Late Autumn and Winter in Orkney
October and November: The Quiet Months
October brings shorter days and a noticeable shift in the islands’ atmosphere. Average temperatures drop to 8°C to 10°C (46°F to 50°F), and the winds pick up considerably. While many seasonal attractions reduce their hours, the islands take on a raw, dramatic beauty that appeals to those seeking solitude and authentic experiences. This is an excellent time for storm watching along the dramatic coastlines.
November is one of the quietest months for tourism, with daylight hours shrinking rapidly and the weather becoming more unpredictable. However, this is when the islands reveal their most atmospheric side. The lack of crowds means you can explore major sites virtually alone, and local pubs and restaurants offer a cozy refuge from the elements.
Orkney Island in Winter: December to February
Winter in Orkney is an experience unlike any other, offering unique rewards for those willing to brave the shorter days and cooler temperatures. From December through February, the islands enter their most dramatic season, where nature takes center stage, and the lack of light pollution creates perfect conditions for celestial displays.
December marks the darkest time of year, with only around 6 hours of daylight at the winter solstice. However, this darkness brings opportunity. The islands become one of the best places in the UK to witness the Northern Lights, with clear, dark skies offering regular displays of the aurora borealis. For those interested in this spectacular phenomenon, check out guides on viewing the Northern Lights in Orkney.
Average temperatures hover around 4°C to 6°C (39°F to 43°F), but the wind chill can make it feel significantly colder. Despite the weather, many visitors find winter an ideal time for a holiday focused on history and culture. The War History tours provide fascinating insights into Orkney’s crucial role during both World Wars, with sites like Scapa Flow taking on even more atmospheric qualities in winter light.
January and February are the coldest months, though as mentioned, the yearly snowfall remains modest. These months are perfect for travelers seeking authentic island life away from tourist crowds. Local communities are welcoming, and you’ll experience Orkney at its most genuine. Indoor attractions like museums, distilleries, and craft workshops remain open, offering plenty to explore when the weather turns harsh.
Winter is also surprisingly good for wildlife enthusiasts. While puffins have departed, seals are highly visible, and various seabird species remain around the coastlines. The dramatic winter seas create spectacular displays of nature’s power, particularly during storms.
Practical Tips for Winter Visitors
If you’re planning a winter visit, preparation is key. Book accommodations and tours in advance, as some services operate reduced schedules. Always check reviews for winter-specific experiences, as conditions can vary significantly. Pack thermal layers, waterproof outerwear, and sturdy boots. Many visitors find that embracing the winter weather rather than fighting it leads to the most memorable experiences.
Practical Tips for Any Season
Regardless of when you choose to travel to Orkney, certain essentials remain constant. The islands’ changeable weather means layering is crucial. Pack waterproof jackets, windproof clothing, and comfortable walking shoes, even in summer. A good pair of binoculars enhances wildlife watching opportunities throughout the year.
Book ferry or flight tickets well in advance, especially during peak season when services fill quickly. If you’re driving, remember that Orkney’s roads are generally quieter and more relaxed than mainland Scotland, but winter conditions can occasionally affect travel between islands.
Don’t underestimate how much the wind affects your experience. Even on relatively mild days, exposed archaeological sites and coastal walks can feel much colder than the thermometer suggests. Local shops stock excellent outdoor gear if you need to supplement your packing on arrival.
Finally, embrace the weather rather than resisting it. Orkney’s dramatic skies, whether brilliantly clear or brooding with storm clouds, form an integral part of the islands’ character and beauty.
Final Thoughts
The best time to visit Orkney Islands ultimately depends on your priorities. May to September offers the most reliable weather, longest days, and fullest range of services. However, each season brings its own magic to these remarkable islands, from winter’s Northern Lights to spring’s wildflowers and autumn’s golden light. Whenever you choose to visit, Orkney promises an unforgettable journey through history, nature, and authentic island culture.